Bipolar Disorder Causes Risk Factors - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 1995 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/08/07 Category Medicine Essay Level High school Topics: Bipolar Disorder Essay Did you like this example? Bipolar disorder is a mental illness that can affect everyone of each race, age and gender. This mental illness is known as a mood disorder that causes uncontrollable shifts in moods from excited to severely irritable. Those suffering with bipolar disorder experiences episodes of mania or depression. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Bipolar Disorder Causes Risk Factors" essay for you Create order Individuals that are diagnosed with bipolar disorder can also have symptoms of anxiety that can disrupt their cognitive behaviors, which can lead to substance abuse. In society today, there is a stigma of having a mental illness that can cause discrimination and become labeled as crazy or weird. To eliminate this reasoning, theories are implemented in recognizing the causes of this mental illness. Mental illnesses are at a rise for awareness in the United States as most individuals do not have the knowledge in effectively approaching this condition. The significance of the awareness of bipolar disorder and its effects on society is informative and relates to social work practice as groups and communities can form in the battle for effective treatment of this disorder because it helps inform people about its common factors biologically, environmentally, and physically. The factors can range from genetics, stress levels, or trauma. The models of intervention are also implemented to imp rove the assistance of their clients and their treatment. In reference to social work, social workers are involved to approach problems of bipolar disorder and the co-occurring symptoms associated with this illness in the micro and macro levels of social work practice. Social workers actively assess bipolar patients with therapy in groups, individually, or as a family unit in identifying factors that present prolonged relapse. Personally, bipolar disorder should be treated distinctly from other disorders as it is often misdiagnosed as other mental illnesses and the proper treatment will not be implemented. Once every individual with bipolar disorder is properly treatment with the most accurate medication, their daily lives will be aligned and they will no longer be compulsive nor disruptive with anxious feelings. CONCLUSION The psychoeducational model is an effective, therapeutic approach on educating bipolar individuals on the information of their illness and its treatment. Support and self-help groups constitute this model in forms of encouraging others to share information and approaches of their alike illness. This benefits the individual, their families and friends, and caregivers as an approach in beginning their initial step in treatment. Psychoeducation is considered a part of mental health practice which a person should (i) accept and recognize the authority of psychiatry to know them; (ii) come to see that they can moderate themselves; and (iii) see themselves as able to undertake a reflexive process of self?examination and change (Maree, 2017). A person accepts and recognizes their illness to get involved with their immediate positions to receive help. A person should also learn to moderate their behaviors through daily habits: eating, sleeping, taking medication. Lastly, the person should pa rticipate in changing how they think and what they do. This process falls into three stages of self-surveillance: separating the abnormal from normal, individualization, and specialization. The means of separating the abnormal from normal imposes on the need of contrasting normal and compulsive emotions. Individualization identifies ones own warnings or operational warnings (Maree, 2017), and specialization identifies the signals that precede the warning signs â€Å" warnings of warnings (Maree, 2017). Simply, to investigate further on earlier warning signs beyond the situation. Once the challenge of understanding bipolar disorder, the ability of personally coping and finding their own strengths can offer better control towards those suffering this illness. Cognitive Behavioral Theory (CBT) is plays a role in cognition with the behavioral pattern used to manage behaviors more commonly used for bipolar disorder individuals. CBT addresses an individuals beliefs, assumptions, and behaviors to improve that persons emotional responses and health (Gooding, 2013). This theory further describes CBT in reference to human behavior and the cognitive triad: the self, the world, and the future. Individuals with bipolar disorder may have feelings of depression and view the world as displeasure and think that their future will result in turmoil. In distinct from other theories, CBT handles current issues, rather than those of the past to focus on correcting the daily state of mind. This treatment can benefit in improving social abilities, practice watching your moods by journaling daily moods from a number scale, and balance a daily routine to prevent stress. Another method is to educate the person on their diagnosed mental illness. The most effective treatment for bipolar disorder is psychotherapy, which is based on the cognitive model. The cognitive model explains the function of the brain and its association with the body. Psychotherapy, is a type of method that defines coping for those suffering from moderate to severe mental illnesses by eliminating or managing their difficult symptoms to promote healing. This can be conducted as a group, individually, or as a couple for both adults and children. In getting the most out of this therapy, it has shown by research to improve emotions and behaviors and to be linked with positive changes in the brain and body. The benefits also include fewer sick days, less disability, fewer medical problems, and increased work satisfaction (Parekh, 2016). Psychotherapy associates with other approaches for bipolar disorder. The approaches range from one-on-one sessions, to role play or music to channel ones emotions. THEORIES/INTERVENTION MODELS It is explained that an individual would may feel dull or lifeless and want to revisit that emotion that made them lively and alert. The substance, now, takes over their moods and they become dependent on the substance in order to function throughout the day. The dual diagnosis of bipolar disorder and alcohol abuse is defined to represent a significant comorbid population, which is significantly worse than either diagnosis alone in presentation, duration, co-morbidity, cost, suicide rate, and poor response to treatment (Farren, 2012). The dual diagnosis is explained to help the two separate disorders and control one illness to treat it for the other to be defenseless. The effects of bipolar disorder and substance abuse can affect anyone of gender, race, and age. Of the U.S. population, just over 2.8 million new users of illicit drugs in 2013, or about 7,800 new users per day (NIDA, 2015) were abused. It is known in our society that many people are diagnosed with bipolar disorder; how ever, it is evident that there are many treatments in counseling those with the disorder to help overcome their troubled issues. According to the World Health Organization, 230 million people, or 1 in 20 adults, are estimated to have used an illicit drug at least once in 2010 (Drug use, 2018). The abuse of substances affects the bodys normal functioning and behavior of an individual, and has become a crucial problem in the United States for those with mental illnesses. As alcohol being the most commonly abused substance among bipolar individuals(Bipolar Disorder and Addiction, 2018), individuals abuse this substance more commonly as a calming comfort for their episodes of depression. Of the many drugs in the U.S., alcohol is more accessible and widely consumed as it is perceived as a recreational drug. Alcohol is known to alter moods of relief from tension and anxiety and promotes relaxation. In many cases, bipolar individuals are only consuming substances, like alcohol and pain medications, to control their symptoms instead of visiting a doctor and discussing medical help to manage in their own effective meth ods. One the other hand, there are most cases that harder substances, like cocaine and heroin, are abused to induce a manic state. BIPOLAR DISORDER AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE People with bipolar disorder often suffer from anxiety. This combination is dangerous as it can cause levels of energy and moods to elevate substantially to where the person cannot control themselves. Anxiety is a symptom of bipolar disorder that worsens the mental disorder. Anxiety is also a reaction to a stressor. It is a feeling of fear, unease, and worry. It can be rooted in any event that makes one feel frustrated, angry, or nervous (Difference between Anxiety and Bipolar, 2018). The impact of social anxiety, the fear of being judged or criticized in public, may occur alongside bipolar disorder. An individual can become stressed when they are encountered with an anxious situation. Although, it can be easily treated as he or she is able to manage the stressor. When an individual with bipolar disorder, with anxiety as a symptom, they are unable to control their elevated moods and often experience morbid irritability with extreme agitation and nervousness. It is clear to recognize the diagnostic of bipolar disorder co-occurring with anxiety. Common distinctive signs of a person with the diagnosis is averting from activities that may activate the feeling of anxiety and prolonged anxiousness even when not in a manic state. The individuals severe condition will become recognizable to everyone as they may not experience that fast thinking, but instead just an extremely disorganized thinking † not being able to keep their mind on one thing for more than a few seconds, not being able to accomplish anything (Phelps, 2014). It is evident that the link between anxiety and bipolar disorder conjoins affecting a persons cognitive behavior. This combination is complex for individuals and often leads to substance abuse that worsens the disorder. BIPOLAR DISORDER AND ANXIETY Manias are episodes of high, energetic moods that lasts a week or longer. People experiencing manic moments may suffer from irritability, have increased activity levels, have a lot of energy, talk really fast about a lot of different things (Bipolar Disorder, 2016) and insomnia. The depressive state is simply a biweekly period of intensive misery. The individual will have decreased activity levels, feel very sad, down, empty, or hopeless and feel like they cant enjoy anything (Bipolar Disorder, 2016). This can become overwhelming due to the fear of criticism or embarrassment perceived from others in society. The challenges faced with this illness are their uncontrolled actions and behaviors, searching for the most accurate mood-stabilizing medications, and the anxiety that accompanies the illness. As these social problems all accompany the condition, anxiety plays a role in the condition as it occurs together resulting in the uncontrolled mood swings. Bipolar disorder is a common mental illness that affects the normal functioning of the brain and the sixth leading cause of disability worldwide (Akinhanmi, 2018). It is occasionally referred to as a mood disorder as an individual with bipolar disorder may experience phases of repetitive, mood-altering swings varying from calm to irritable and depressive. According to the National Alliance on Mental Illness, 2.6% of adults in the U.S. live with bipolar disorder (Prevalence Of Mental Illness, 2015). Adults and children in the U.S. with bipolar disorder can, but have difficulties, live a normal life as everyone in society. Everyone experiences moodsbad, good, grumpy, and exciting oneshowever, this is different for those with bipolar disorder. Their moods are uncontrollable as they will experience highs and lows at odd times. For example, an individual can feel depressed at a birthday party and be ecstatic about an injury. An individual with bipolar disorder will endure unexpected episo des of intense changes in moods. These episodes will undergo symptoms of manic, depressive, or a combination of both symptoms. BIPOLAR DISORDER Every citizen in the United States can be diagnosed with a mental illness in their earlier or later years of life. This illness can affect nearly each normal functioning component of a persons body and cause brain dysfunctions. In each year, almost 1 in 5 adults in the U.S.43.8 million, or 28/5% experiences mental illness (Prevalence Of Mental Illness, 2015) in their lifetime. Mental illnesses, with a lack of understanding, are viewed as a stigma, a disgrace or prejudice against the mentally ill. This stigma creates discrimination to those with mental illnesses leading to the response of stating that they are crazy, nuts, a freak, or weird. Most illnesses are revealed through biological, psychological, or environmental factors. Genetics, stress, traumatic incidents, viral infections, anxiety, and substance abuse are common causes in explaining the development of mental illnesses. One common mental illness that develops from anxiety and stress is bipolar disorder.

Executive Summary. Current Profile. Exxon Mobil Is A Business

Executive Summary Current Profile Exxon Mobil is a business that believes in a diverse workforce. The company believes in investing in its employees so the company can retain its workforce. Exxon Mobil also wants to provide its consumers with an energy source that lowers the global warming effects and the company can achieve just that by continuously investing in research and development. Future Profile Exxon Mobil has a research and development department that is evolving its technologies to stay competitive. The company is continually working on assessing its products environmental life cycles to lessen the long term environmental impact. Exxon Mobil is striding for less greenhouse gas emissions then it has in the past. SWOT Analysis†¦show more content†¦These competitors are BP, Chevron, and ConocoPhillips. These competitors have or are planning on entering into the renewable energy industry. BP, Chevron, and ConocoPhillips all offer something different to the energy industry. Industry Analysis The renewable energy industry can be a very profitable market to enter and many different governments and business are investing in the industry. Renewable energy is a less expensive long term option and many developing counties have renewable energy sources that power their populations; whereas, develop counties do not have those same resources. The renewable energy industry will be more prominent by 2040. Recommendations There are three short term recommendations and three long term recommendations. The short term recommendations are so the company can decrease their net capital to debt ratios, create a competitive advantage, and decrease research and development time frame. The long term recommendations are for the company to evolve, explore the market analysis, and invest in more biofuel options. Current Profile Exxon Mobil is a business that believes in a diverse workforce comprised of talented employees who are driven by its purpose. The company retains its employees, by continually developing them to be successful. In Exhibit A, the graph explains the training costs and employee retention Exxon Mobil has during the years of 2011 to 2015. â€Å"Currently, the company employs moreShow MoreRelatedThe Companys Chemical Plant1776 Words   |  8 Pagesand many other products used today (â€Å"Our history,† 2014). In 1966 the Vacuum Oil Company changed its name to the Mobil Oil Corporation and started to build its brand and image recognition (â€Å"Our history,† 2014). The Jersey Standard Company officially changed its name to Exxon Corporation in 1972 during a shareholder’s meeting (â€Å"Out history, 2014). On November 30, 1999, Exxon and Mobil merged as one company, known as ExxonMobil (â€Å"Our history,† 2014). Today the company operates in almost everyRead MoreVodafone/Exxonmobile Marketing Strategies3734 Words   |  15 PagesVodafone/ExxonMobil Marketing Strategies Riad Akhundov, Ryan Cohen, Nhu Lam, Nazar Orozbaev, Qwynn Trotter, and Caglayan Arslan 9/27/2012 â€Æ' Table of Contents Table of Contents†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..1 Executive Summary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..2 Background†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..3-4 Vodafone†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.3 ExxonMobil†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..........................3 Marketing Strategies†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..5-8 Vodafone†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreEssay about Non-Profit Capitalism9831 Words   |  40 Pages1. 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Introduction 3 Background of Enron 3 Enron Business Model 4 Summary of transactions Partnerships 5 Corporate Governance Issues 8 Read MoreThe Report On Climate Change Dictates5048 Words   |  21 Pagesthe challenge of choosing between being proactive towards the pressing climate change issue in a carbon-constrained world by shifting their interest from the pursue of further exploration and production of hydrocarbons, and between maintaining current business models that prioritizes immediate profit and short-termism in capitalizing on fossil fuel market while it remains feasible from an economic standpoint and from a return on energy investment perspective. (RoEI). Companies that promote short-termismRead MoreChapter 07 Essay7194 Words   |  29 Pagesï » ¿CHAPTER 7 Global ALLIANCES AND STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION LECTURE OUTLINE General Outline Opening Profile: From BP to Exxon: Beware the Alliance with the Bear! Strategic Alliances Joint Ventures Equity Strategic Alliances Global Strategic Alliances Global and Cross-Border Alliances: Motivations and Benefits Challenges in Implementing Global Alliances Implementing Alliances Between SMEs and MNCs Under the Lens: Dancing with Gorillas: How SMEs Can Internationalize Through Relationships with Foreign MultinationalsRead MoreA Research Study On Global Warming5887 Words   |  24 Pagesthe challenge of choosing between being proactive towards the pressing climate change issue in a carbon-constrained world by shifting their interest from the pursuit of further exploration and production of hydrocarbons, and between maintaining current business models that prioritize immediate profit and short-termism in capitalizing on fossil fuel market while it remains feasible from an financial profitability standpoint as well as from a return on energy investment perspective. Companies that promoteRead MoreExxon Mobile Capstone40455 Words   |  162 PagesKristine Garner Rajesh Goudar Venkat Iyer               Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚      1.   WALL  STREET  JOURNAL  ARTICLE  AND  THE  EXECUTIVE  SUMMARY ............................................................................ 1   WALL  STREET  JOURNAL  ARTICLE......................................................................................................................................................1   EXECUTIVE  SUMMARY ......................................................................................................Read MoreApple Inc. Essay example6592 Words   |  27 PagesExecutive Summary ................................................................................................................................ 2 The strategies, corporate structure culture of the firm ......................................................................... 3 Analysis of the industry in which the firm operates ................................................................................. 4 Computers ................................... ...................................Read MoreResources Capabilities20336 Words   |  82 Pagescompetitive power. In fact, these invisible assets are often the only real source of competitive edge that can be sustained over time. —HIROYUKI ITAMI, MOBILIZING INVISIBLE ASSETS You’ve gotta do what you do well. —LUCINO NOTO, FORMER VICE CHAIRMAN, EXXON MOBIL OUTLINE l Introduction and Objectives l The Role of Resources and l Organizational Capabilities Classifying Capabilities The Architecture of Capability l Appraising Resources and Capabilities Establishing Competitive Advantage Sustaining Competitive

021456 Free Essays

NABEEL RASHEED Flat # D-19, Crown Garden Block-4, Scheme-33, Gulistan-e-Jauhar, Main University Road, Karachi. Cell # +92 343 2550 599 / +92 300 2580 408 Phn # +92 213 4011 237 E-mail: nabeelrasheed14@gmail. com Career Object: Seeking a career with a future oriented organization, which will provide me the platform for becoming a well? Recognized profession†¦ Ultimately attaining prestige and pride for the organization and myself . We will write a custom essay sample on 021456 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Personal information: Father’s Name Date of Birth Nationality Religion Marital Status NIC # : : : : : : Abdul Rasheed December 14th, 1991 Pakistani Islam Single 42201-8923891-5 Personal Qualifications: Masters Graduation : MBA marketing in process from KASBIT : B. com from Karachi University in 2011. B. S. S. Media Studies, 3 semesters from Bahria University in, 2009. Intermediate: I. Com. , from, Liaquat College of Management Sciences in, 2008. Matriculation: Computer Sciences from, The Kings School in, 2006. Experiences: ? Premiers International: (Feb 2012 till Nov 2012) Premiers is the largest Immigration Company in the entire Middle East with its full fledged processing department in its Head Office in Dubai. Premiers serve applicants from entire Middle East through its Head office in Dubai. With its Head office in Dubai Branch Office in Abu Dhabi Premiers is serving expatriate community in the Middle East and has the honor of processing approximately 1000 cases per year. we have regional offices worldwide i. e: Cyprus, Canada, Abu Dhabi, Karachi, Tehran. Designation: Working as a Senior Customer Service Representative and a Immigration Councilor, from Feb, 2012 till Nov2012. ? Silk Bank LTD: (3 months) Saudi Pak was rebranded as Silk bank Limited on June 1, 2009. Under the new leadership the bank will continue to focus on SME Consumer financing resulting in efforts of increased profitability. Designation: Sales Executive in personal loan department (Running Finance), from Aug, 2011 till Oct, 2011 ? United Bank LTD: (6 weeks) Pakistan’s second largest bank with more than 1300 branches nationwide and internationally in 4 continents, giving services with the glorious history of 52years. Designation: Operational Internee, gave my services in every depart, deal cash counter for 1 week, clearing counter for more than One week and deal as a Customer Service Representative for more than a month and have almost full command on it, in 2011 for 6 weeks. ? Used clothing export Pakistan (Fortune Group Canada): (1 year) This company based upon export of used clothing, soft/hard toys, house hold rummage, and etc from worldwide and sale it to local buyers in Pakistan. Designation: Office Administrator, in 2008 Till year end. ? NabCells (6 years) This company is based on Trading of cell phones nationwide and internationally through internet and other marketing, Established in 2007 Till 2012. Designation: CEO and Founder . ? E-management: (1 year) The organization is based upon event organizing like Concert organizing, Conference organizing, Convocations organizing etc, and specialized in wedding planning, in Co-operation with Mac caterers and decorators. Designation: Owner and Event manager for corporate events and wedding planning, in 2008-2009 Computer skills: ? ? ? ? ? Movie Editing Graphic Designing Flash animation Microsoft Office Windows and hardware assembling expert Hobbies: ? Movie making ? ? ? ? ? Photography Do work-out in Gym Eating out Car racing Travelling Extra skills: Brown belt holder in TAI-KWAONDO (Self-Defence) from, Aero Karate Club Karachi. Can speak British English, Urdu and Kokan Language of India (Puna) References: Will be furnished on request. How to cite 021456, Essay examples

Immigration Law Opposite Sex in Relationships

Question: Describe about the Immigration Law for Opposite Sex in Relationships. Answer: 1. A relationship which is de facto requires that the couple should have a relationship; this couple can either be in a relationship with the opposite sex or in a relationship with the same sex. It is required that such relationship should have genuine domestic basis to it.[1] A de facto relationship is one where the couple is not married however they have a commitment to share with each other, with exclusion from others, their lives, and are in a genuine and continuing relationship and either live together and do not live apart on a permanent basis. The requirement which is required to be met essentially is that the couple should have been in de facto relationship for a period of one year before applying for the partnership visa to Australia. If it is demonstrated by the couple that they have been in a de fact relationship for the past one year (twelve months) before they applied for the visa then this requirement will be fulfilled.[2] If the couple is living together then that element is common for a relationship that is de fact it may however sometimes be required that the couple for various reasons have to live apart. There may be a temporary separation between the couple provided however the couple had from the start of their relationship at some poin t lived together. However, a waiver can be made for the one year criteria if it is proved that compassionate and compelling reason exist for which this requirement is not a necessity anymore. Therefore Jason can make an application for the partnership visa of Emma on the grounds that he was living with Emma for a period of six months however, since his mother passed away there was a compelling and compassionate ground for him to return back to Australia and even after he death was unable to leave the country and go back to Emma since he was his mothers wills sole executor. However, both of them wanted to commit sharing their lives with each other. 2. Emma has various visa options which are available to her for sponsoring her parents so that they can come and live with her and Jason. These are Parent visa (subclass 103), Contributory Parent (Temporary) Visa (subclass 173), Contributory Parent Visa (subclass 143), Aged Parent Visa (subclass 804), Contributory Aged Parent (Temporary) Visa (subclass 884) and Contributory Aged Parent Visa (subclass 864)[3]. The visa in Emmas and her parents circumstance which would be best would be the Aged Parent Visa (sub class 804) for sponsoring the visa. It is allowed under this visa that the parents who meet the age requirement, that is who are old, can live in Australia of their child is a citizen of Australia, permanent resident of Australia or a citizen eligible for New Zealand who is currently settled in Australia.[4] However, the drawback with this visa is that there is a long time for waiting which even extend up to a period of 30 years before the visa may be approved. Also the place is quite limited as this visa has a significant demand.[5] Since the wait is long for this visa, extending up to a period of thirty years before such visa may be granted. A Contributory Aged Parent Visa may be considered by Emma. This visa will take less than two years to be approved.[6] There are two type of Contributory Age Parent Visa, one is the The Contributory Aged Parent (Temporary) visa (subclass 884) and the other is The Contributory Aged Parent visa (subclass 864) is a visa. Though a higher application fees is charged for this visa however a support assurance that is longer with a larger bond which is required prior to the Contributory Aged Parent Visa (subclass 864) could be granted.[7] There is also offsetting of some of the community costs due to these higher charges that are applicable; these include services of health and welfare. Conclusively it can be stated that there are various options which are available to Emma. However, it would be preferable if she opts for the Contributory Aged Parent Visa because this visa type would take time much less than the other visas and there is also an ability to relocate the parents permanently under this visa. 3. Emmas sister Michelles case s that she has been left behind in France with her son who is five years old. There is a possibility of sponsoring her through Remaining relatives visa (subclass 115) so that she is able to move to Australia where her rest of the family are living. This Remaining Relative Visa is applicable to those individuals who have no close family tie in any other place except Australian and who has either their own or step sister, child or brother who is living in Australia as either a citizen of the country, a permanent resident of the country, or he is an eligible citizen of New Zealand settled in Australia. The main issue that would arise is that it would not be easy to prove that there are no relatives or the type of contract which may be there with the other relatives who are there.[8] It can be stated by the application of the migration rules to the given facts that Michelle may be eligible of the Remaining Relative Visa. Since the only relatives that her son and she have are all in Australia. She can be sponsored by either Emma who is a spouse Jason resident or her partner who is a citizen of Australia since they fulfill the criteria of being a citizen of Australia or being the permanent resident of Australia. It can be stated under this conclusively that the Remaining Relative Visa is an option that Michelle and her son have for moving into Australia. Reference Australia, Family,De Facto Relationships - Family Court Of Australia(2016) Familycourt.gov.au https://www.familycourt.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/fcoaweb/family-law-matters/separation-and-divorce/defacto-relationships/ Fact Sheet - One-Year Relationship Requirement For De Facto Partners(2016) Border.gov.au https://www.border.gov.au/about/corporate/information/fact-sheets/35relationship Immigration, A Commitment To Australia (1988), Australian Govt. Pub. Service. Mansouri, Fethi and Michael Leach, "The Evolution Of The Temporary Protection Visa Regime In Australia" (2009) 47International Migration Parent Category Visas(2016) Border.gov.au https://www.border.gov.au/Trav/Brin/Pare Aged Parent Visa (Subclass 804)(2016) Border.gov.au https://www.border.gov.au/Trav/Visa-1/804- Parent Category Visas(2016) Border.gov.au https://www.border.gov.au/Trav/Brin/Pare MIGRATION REGULATIONS 1994 - SCHEDULE 1Classes Of Visa (2016) Austlii.edu.au https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_reg/mr1994227/sch1.html Wright, Chris F., "Why Do States Adopt Liberal Immigration Policies? The Policymaking Dynamics Of Skilled Visa Reform In Australia" (2014) 41Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies MIGRATION REGULATIONS 1994 - REG 2.21Agrant Of Bridging A (Class WA) Visas Without Application (2016) Austlii.edu.au https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_reg/mr1994227/s2.21a.html MIGRATION REGULATIONS 1994 - REG 1.15Remaining Relative (2016) Austlii.edu.au https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_reg/mr1994227/s1.15.html.ml.

processor essay Essay Example

processor essay Essay Example processor essay Essay processor essay Essay Every PC has a Central Processing Unit (CPU) this acts as the brain of your system. It connects to the Motherboard and works alongside the other components processing many instructions at the same time between the different hardware and memory systems. Advancements in CPU technology now mean systems typically come with Dual Core, Triple core or Quad Core processors (on one single chip) instead of the traditional one core per chip. Now the total number of Cores can slot into a socket as before and a single heat sink and fan can keep everything to the right temperature. Types of processors: Intel Pentium Dual Core Processors The Intel Pentium processors with Intel dual-core technology deliver great desktop performance, low power enhancements, and multitasking for everyday computing. Intel Dual Core 13 Processors Intel Core 13 dual core processors provide 4-way multitasking capability with built-in performance headroom for software upgrades. Intel Dual Core 15 Processors Intel Core 15 processors deliver the next level of productivity. With Intel Turbo Boost Technology this quad-core processor with 4-way multitasking capability delivers extra speed whenever you need. Intel Dual Core 17 Processors The Intel Core 17 processors deliver best-in-class performance for the most demanding applications. This quad-core processor features 8-way multitasking capability and additional L3 cache. My personal view is there is little difference between using both makes and have run many stable and fast systems using both makes. The AMD processors do tend to run hotter than the Intel versions, but with a suitable fan this is easily kept under control. How processors works: The Central Processing Unit (CPU) Figure 1: The Central Processing Unit The computer does its primary work in a part of the machine we cannot see, a control enter that converts data input to information output. This control center, called the central processing unit (CPL]), is a highly complex, extensive set of electronic circuitry that executes stored program instructions. All computers, large and small, must have a central processing unit. As Figure 1 shows, the central processing unit consists of two parts: The control unit and the arithmetic/logic unit. Each part has a specific function. BeTore we Olscuss tne control unlt ana tne arltnmetlc/loglc unlt In aetall, we need to consider data storage and its relationship to the central processing unit. Computers se two types of storage: Primary storage and secondary storage. The CPU interacts closely with primary storage, or main memory, referring to it for both instructions and data. For this reason this part of the reading will discuss memory in the context of the central processing unit. Technically, however, memory is not part of the CPL]. Recall that a computers memory holds data only temporarily, at the time the computer is executing a program. Secondary storage holds permanent or semi- permanent data on some external magnetic or optical medium. The diskettes and CD-ROM disks that you have seen with personal computers are secondary storage evices, as are hard disks. Since the physical attributes of secondary storage devices determine the way data is organized on them, we will discuss secondary storage and data organization together in another part of our on-line readings. Now let us consider the components of the central processing unit. 0 The Control Unit The control unit of the CPU contains circuitry that uses electrical signals to direct the entire computer system to carry out, or execute, stored program instructions. Like an orchestra leader, the control unit does not execute program instructions; rather, it directs other parts of the system to do so. The control unit must communicate with both the arithmetic/logic unit and memory. The Arithmetic/Logic Unit The arithmetic/logic unit (ALL) contains the electronic circuitry that executes all arithmetic and logical operations. The arithmetic/logic unit can perform four kinds of arithmetic operations, or mathematical calculations: addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. As its name implies, the arithmetic/logic unit also performs logical operations. A logical operation is usually a comparison. The unit can compare numbers, letters, or special characters. The computer can then take action based on the result of the omparison. This is a very important capability. It is by comparing that a computer is able to tell, for instance, whether there are unfilled seats on airplanes, whether charge- card customers have exceeded their credit limits, and whether one candidate for Congress has more votes than another. Logical operations can test for three conditions: Equal-to condition. In a test for this condition, the arithmetic/logic unit compares two values to determine if they are equal. For example: If the number of tickets sold equals the number of seats in the auditorium, then the concert is declared sold out. Less-than condition. To test for this condition, the computer compares values to determine if one is less than another. For example: If the number of speeding tickets on a arlvers recoro Is less tnan tnree, tnen Insurance rates are $425; otnerwlse, tne rates are $500. Greater-than condition. In this type of comparison, the computer determines if one value is greater than another. For example: If the hours a person worked this week are greater than 40, then multiply every extra hour by 1. 5 times the usual hourly wage to compute overtime pay. A computer can simultaneously test for more than one condition. In fact, a logic unit can usually discern six logical relationships: equal to, less than, greater than, less than or equal to, greater than or equal to, and not equal. The symbols that let you define the type of comparison you want the computer to perform are called relational operators. The most common relational operators are the equal sign(=), the less-than symbol(). Registers: Temporary Storage Areas Registers are temporary storage areas for instructions or data. They are not a part of memory; rather they are special additional storage locations that offer the advantage of speed. Registers work under the direction of the control unit to accept, hold, and transfer instructions or data and perform arithmetic or logical comparisons at high speed. The control unit uses a data storage register the way a store owner uses a cash register-as a temporary, convenient place to store what is used in transactions. Computers usually assign special roles to certain registers, including these registers: An accumulator, which collects the result of computations. An address register, which keeps track of where a given instruction or piece of data is stored in memory. Each storage location in memory is identified by an address, Just as each house on a street has an address. A storage register, which temporarily holds data taken from or about to be sent to memory. A general-purpose register, which is used for several functions. Memory and Storage Memory is also known as primary storage, primary memory, main storage, internal storage, main memory, and RAM (Random Access Memory); all these terms are used interchangeably by people in computer circles. Memory is the part of the computer that holds data and instructions for processing. Although closely associated with the entral processing unit, memory is separate from it. Memory stores program instructions or data for only as long as the program they pertain to is in operation. Keeping these items in memory when the program is not running is not feasible for three reasons: Most types of memory only store items while the computer is turned on; data is destroyed when the machine is turned off. If more than one program is running at once (often the case on large computers and sometimes on small computers), a single program can not lay exclusive claim to memory. There may not be room in memory to hold the processed data.

Highest Cities in the World

Highest Cities in the World It has been estimated that about 400 million people live at elevations above 4900 feet (1500 meters) and that 140 million people live at elevations above 8200 feet (2500 meters). Physical Adaptations to Live That High At these high altitudes, the human body must adapt to the decreased levels of oxygen. Native populations living at the highest altitudes in the Himalaya and Andes mountain ranges tend to have larger lung capacity than lowlanders. There are physiological adaptations from birth that higher elevation cultures experience that tends to lead to longer, healthier lives. Some of the worlds oldest people live at high altitudes and scientists have determined that high-altitude life results in better cardiovascular health and a lower incidence of stroke and cancers. Interestingly, a 12,400 year-old settlement in the Andes was discovered  at an elevation of 14,700 feet (4500 meters), demonstrating that humans settled at high elevations within about 2000 years of arriving on the South American continent. Scientists will certainly continue to study the impacts of high elevations on the human body and how humans have adapted to elevation extremes on our planet. The World's Highest City The highest, most notable true city is the mining town of La Rinconada, Peru. The community sits high in the Andes at an elevation of 16,700 feet (5100 meters) above sea level and is home to a gold rush population of somewhere around 30,000 to 50,000 people. The elevation of La Rinconada is higher than the highest peak  in the lower 48 states of the United States (Mt. Whitney). National Geographic published an article in 2009 about La Rinconada and the challenges of life at such a high elevation and in such squalor.   The World's Highest Capital and Large Urban Area La Paz is the capital of Bolivia and sits at a very high elevation - about 11,975 feet (3650 meters) above sea level. La Paz is the highest capital city on the planet, beating Quito, Ecuador for the honor by 2000 feet (800 meters). The greater La Paz metropolitan area is home to more than 2.3 million people who live at a very high altitude. To the west of La Paz is the city of El Alto (the heights in Spanish), which is truly the worlds highest large city.  El Alto is home to about 1.2 million people and is the home of the El Alto International Airport, which serves the greater La Paz metropolitan area.   Five Highest Settlements on Earth Wikipedia provides a  listing  of what are believed to be the five highest settlements on the planet... 1. La Rinconada, Peru - 16,700 feet (5100 meters) - gold rush town in the Andes 2.  Wenquan, Tibet, China - 15,980 feet (4870 meters) - a very small settlement on a mountain pass in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.   3. Lungring, Tibet, China - 15,535 feet (4735 meters) - a hamlet among pastoral plains and rugged terrain 4.  Yanshiping, Tibet, China - 15,490 feet (4720 meters) - a very small town 5. Amdo, Tibet, China - 15,450 feet (4710 meters) - another small town Highest Cities in the United States By contrast, the highest incorporated city in the United States is Leadville, Colorado at a mere altitude of 3,094 meters (10,152 feet). Colorados capital city of Denver is known as the Mile High City because it officially sits at an elevation of 5280 feet (1610 meters); however, compared to La Paz or La  Rinconada, Denver is in the lowlands.

Presentaion on the country Syria Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Presentaion on the country Syria - Essay Example It is currently the liturgical language of many Syrian Christian denominations. However, most educated Syrians also speak French and English. The indigenous Christian Western-Aramaic speakers as well as Assyrians make up roughly 400,000 people. Most of them speak the Western Neo-Aramaic language. As for the deaf community, the sign language is used. Traditionally, men wear long gowns and women wear a long robe that only leaves their feet and hands exposed (Antoun 89). These dresses show little of the human skins something which is considered respectable. Music: Syria is one of the earliest centers of Christian hymnody and continues to be the liturgical music of various Syrian Christians. Damascus is among the Arab world centers for artistic innovation, particularly in the field of classical Arab music. Prominent musicians such as Asmahan, Lena Chamamyan, and Farid al-Atrash all come from Damascus (Salamandra 104). Aleppo city is known for its muwashshah; a form of Andalous poetry (Antoun 45). The muwashshah was popularized by stars like Sabah Fakri. It comprises of 5 stanzas that alternate in refrain with a running rhyme. Dance: As cited by Salamandra (103), the Syrian traditional art is manifested in dances like the Dabkeh, al-Samah, and sword dance. The Dabkeh is the national dance of Syria. It involves both line dancing and circle dance. It is commonly performed at weddings and other festivities. The lines usually form from right to left. The Dabkeh and al Samah are also peformed in child’s birth and marriage ceremonies. Food: Core element in parties, weddings, and other festivities. The main dish is the Syrian cuisine. It is rich and varied in its ingredients. It comprises of Kibbeh, fattoish, tabbouleh, hummus, labneh, shanklish, sujuk, baklava, and pastrirma. Manoushi bread is the number one snack food all around Syria. Tea is the ever-present drink and is usually taken with the Manoushi bread in